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并列句的用法

2023-12-30 来源:尚车旅游网


并列句用法

由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。并列结构一般为简单句+并列连词+简单句。并列连词有and, but, or, so, while, for等。下面分别加以说明。

1. and表示并列或对称关系,意为\"和;又\"。如:

My mother bought me a radio and I liked it very much. 母亲给我买了一部收音机,我非常喜欢。

and还可用于\"祈使句+and+简单句\"句型中。如:

Work hard and you'll pass the exam.= If you work hard, you'll pass the exam. 如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试。

2. but表示转折关系,意为\"但是\"。如:

He would like to go, but he can't. 他很想去,但他不能去。

3. or表示选择关系,意为\"否则;或\"。如:

You can call me \"Susan\",or you can call me \"Sue\". 你可以叫我\"苏珊\",或叫我\"苏\"。

or还可用于\"祈使句+or+简单句\"句型中。如:

Hurry up, or we'll be late for the meeting.= If you don't hurry up, we'll be late for the

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meeting. 如果你不快点,我们开会就会迟到。

4. so表示结果,意为\"因此;所以\"。如:

He was ill, so he didn't come to school. 他病了,所以没来上学。

5. while用来表示前后意义的对比关系,可译为\"而……;而……却……\"。如:

Some are rich while others are poor. 有的人富而有的人穷。

6. for表示原因,意为\"因为\",for前一般有逗号,for引出的并列分句补充说明理由或推断原因。如:

You'd better put on your coat, for it's cold outside. 你最好穿上大衣,(因为)外面很冷。

Alice went to bed early, for she didn't feel well. 爱丽斯觉得不舒服,所以早早睡了

英语词组用法:either…or…的用法

either…or…,其意为“要么…要么…”、“不是…就是…”:

Either come in or go out. 要么进来,要么出去。

I want to visit either Paris or London. 我想去巴黎或伦敦游览一下。

Either he did not speak distinctly or I did not hear well. 不是他没讲清楚,就是我没听

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明白。

【注】通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致:

You can either have tea or coffee. 你喝茶也行,喝咖啡也行。

Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错,就是我错。

neither...nor...表示\"既不……也不……\"。其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如:

She likes neither butter nor cheese.(连接名词) 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。

She is neither clever nor hardworking. (连接形容词)她既不聪明, 又不勤奋。

此句中neither...nor...连接两个宾语。当neither...nor...连接两个主语时,也应遵循\"就近原则\"。例如:

Neither he nor she is at home today. (连接代词)今天他和她都不在家。

若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句,只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可,同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。

not only…but also…,其意为“不但…而且…”:

Not only men but also women were chosen. 选中的不仅有男的也有女的。

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He not only read the book, but also remembered what he read. 他不仅读过这本书,而且还记得书中的内容。

【注】该结构中的also有时可省略,或与but分开用,或用too, as well代之(位于句末):

Not only is he funny, but he is witty too [as well]. 他不但风趣,而且也很机智。

若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致:

Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你,他也得离开。

both…and…,其意为“…和…都”、“不但…而且…”、“既…又…”:

She both speaks and writes Japanese. 她不仅会说日语,而且还会写。

He spoke with both kindness and understanding. 他说话既亲切又明事理。

【注】作为关联并列连词,它通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。另外,若连接两个成分作主语时,谓语要用复数:

Both she and Sophia were pleased with the girl. 她和索菲娅都喜欢这姑娘。

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