(4) 本课题的局限性、不足之处,还有哪些尚待解决的问题。 (5)展望前景,或指出进一步研究的方向。
在上面五项内容中,第一、二项是必不可少的。第三、四、五项内容可以根据需要而定。
9,Conclusion部分一般除了一句话以外,其余的句子用被动语态比较多,每个句子的主语都是研究内容关键所在。用主动语态时,常常用this paper, this investigation, this study, this survey, the results, the analysis 或we, I 等作主语。
a. This study clearly demonstrates that… b. This investigation discovers that… c. This study reveals that… d. We have described… e. We have shown…
f. In this paper we have proposed/discussed… g. These results represent… 结论中常用的句型框架还有:
a. Further investigations are under way to… b. Further refinement of the models is needed to… c. Experiments have been designed to…
d. Analytical models have been developed using… e. It is found that…
f. It is further concluded that…
g. In this paper,… are reviewed/investigated/observed/studied. h. The presented study is conducted by using…
10,Abstract部分,在完成全篇论文后,最后来归纳撰写。一般有motivation, problem statement, approach, results, and conclusions.要对全篇论文进行精心筛选,适当取舍,做到简明扼要。不要将结论与摘要重复使用。 摘要的常用句型有:
(1)表示研究目的,常用在摘要之首In order to……This paper describes……The purpose of this study is…… (2)表示研究的结果:[The result showed/It proved/The authors found] that…… (3)表示结论、观点或建议:The authors [suggest/conclude/consider] that…
摘要部分尽量采用-ing 分词和-ed 分词作定语,少用关系代词 which , who 等引导的定语从句。由于摘要的时态多采用一般过去时,使用关系代词引导的定语从句不但会使句式变的复杂,而且容易造成时态混乱
用词和表达上应该注意的:
1,一般来说,论文大多数情况下是过去时态,在Introduction文献回顾,Methods整个部分,Results结果总结,Discussion中的大部分,都用过去时态陈述。其他情况下可以用一般时态来描述。
2,在分析、综合、归纳、推理过程中,常常会使用show,prove, illustrate,reveal,suggest,indicate,support,clarify,verify等动词。这些动词含义不同,所表示的语气或态度也不同。
3,表达形成某现象的原因时,相近的动词有cause,lead to,contribute to,be the reason of,be the root of等;
4,不同的形容词和副词表达作者不同的态度和语气。如certainly, of course,absolutely,definitely,clearly等词用来加强语气,表示作者态度肯定;almost certain,probably,highly likely次之。而 likely,unlikely,possible,possibly,perhaps等词表示作者没有把握,语气比较弱。
5,注意句子上下连贯,不能让句子独立。常见的连接词有,However, also, in addition, consequently,
afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚,意思明确 投稿前几天应该注意的: 1,通篇检查下还有没有什么语法错误,错别字,图标错误,文献引用错误等; 2,反复check deadline,提前上交至少一个版本。。。。。。 》点击查看原文... 程序员找工作,就在博客园
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