必修三unit3语法
姓名：______________ 成绩：_______________
名词性从句
（一）名词性从句的种类
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if 注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。 （二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. （三）表语从句 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 e.g. The question was who could go there. 2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。 e.g. My idea is (that) we can get there on time （四）宾语从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。I hope (that) everything is all right. 2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。 e.g. I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work.. I’m interested in what you’ve said. 3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain. ②用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。
e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解） ③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is true. I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. They don’t know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time. （五）同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
名 词 性 从 句
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：
( )1. China is no longer what it used to be.
( )2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all. ( )3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.
( )4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.
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( )5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. ( )6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. ( )7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.
( )8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.
( )9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? ( )10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1. I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy. 2. That’s ____________ he refused my invitation.
3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time. 4. ____________ we need is more time.
5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody. 6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet. 7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for. 8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?
9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is? 10. I don’t know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.
A）用适当的连词填空
名 词 性 从 句 专 练
1．__________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather． 2．__________ he said at the meeting surprised us greatly． 3．It worried her a lot __________ her wallet was lost． 4．Can you tell me __________ that woman is？
5．I wonder __________ we can do about the problem of pollution． 6．The fact __________ she works hard is well known to us all．
7．I have not found my bike yet，in fact，I'm not sure __________ I could have done with it． 8．Can you tell me __________ exercise is the easiest？
9．I know nothing about her but __________ she is from Canada．
10．The reason why he has been such a success is __________ he never gives up． 11．The question he asked was __________ the electrical equipment should be stored．
12．__________ is troubling me is ____________ I don't have any experience in this kind of work． 13．It has been found _________ plastics can widely be used in industries．
14．__________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences between countries． 15．__________ he enjoys are geography and English．
16．You have not yet answered my question regarding __________ or not I can join in the party tonight． 17．Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see __________ it is．
18．—I went to see you at about ten this morning，but you were not in the office． —Oh，that was probably __________ I was talking with the headmaster．
19．His ability has never been in doubt—the question is __________ he is prepared to work hard．
1．It is suggested that the experiment will be made under low temperature． 2．Whom do you think will teach us maths next term？
3．He made that quite clear that he wouldn't change his mind． 4．It's sure that tomorrow will be a fine day． 5．The fact you are safe is very important． 6．The question is if he will come．
7．The reason why he didn't pass the examination was he didn't study hard． 8．It worried her mother a lot why the girl did not come back． 9．Scientists proved that the earth went round the sun．
10．There is no doubt whether you'll be warmly welcomed．
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C）单句改错
D）用名词性从句完成下列各句
1．_____________（人们如何解决各种社会问题）is not yet clear． 2．_____________（我们能否减少能量消耗）is very important．
3．My suggestion is_____________（你在读完一篇文章后要试着写一篇摘要）． 4．The trouble is_____________（在哪里才能找到课本）． 5．_____________（认识到这只是风俗的不同），the foreigner smiled and said nothing． 6．He was never satisfied with or proud of _____________（他所取得的成就）． 7．_____________（他没有来这个事实）shows that he was not serious about it． 8．Soon word came_____________（他们将刊出他们的研究结果）． 9．I made it clear_____________（表明决心执行这个计划）．
10．Jack put forward a suggestion_____________（全家星期天外出野餐）．
第一节 完型填空
For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 16 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 17 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 18 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 19 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency 20 in the actual stuff of language itself — words. Taken individually, words have little meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 21 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing（退回）to 22 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over what you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 23 down the speed of reading is vocalization — sounding each word either orally or mentally as one reads.
To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 24 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined（预先确定的） speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 25 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 26 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization（默读）practically impossible. At first __27 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 28 reading skill drastically improved after some training. __29_ Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 128 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 30 a lot more reading material in a short period of time.
16． A．applying B．doing C．offering D．getting 17． A．quickly B．easily C．roughly D．decidedly 18． A．good B．curious C．poor D．urgent 19． A．training B．habits C．situations D．custom 20． A．lies B．combines C．touches D．involves 21． A．Fortunately B．In fact C．Logically D．Unfortunately 22． A．reuse B．reread C．rewrite D．recite 23．A．scales B．cuts C．slows D．measures 24．A．accelerator B．actor C．amplifier D．observer 25．A．then B．as C．beyond D．than 26．A．enabling B．leading C．making D．indicating 27．A．meaning B．comprehension C．gist D．regression 28．A．our B．your C．their D．such a 29．A．Look at B．Take C．Make D．Consider 30．A．master B．go over C．present D．get through
第二节 语法填空
All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition—to be the lucky customer (顾客) who did not have to pay for her shopping. This was 31.______ the notice at the entrance promised. It said, “Remember, once 32._______ week, one of our customers gets free goods. This may be your lucky day!”
For several weeks, Mrs. Read hoped to become a lucky customer. She dreamed 33.________ the day when the manager of the supermarket would come up to her and say, “Madam, this is your lucky day. Everything in your basket is free.” 34._________(determine) to become a lucky customer, she never gave 35.________ shopping there. Her husband tried to persuade 36.________ out of it, but she was stubborn. The cupboards in her kitchen were full of things
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37.________ she did not need.
One Friday afternoon, when she had finished her shopping and had taken the goods to her car, she 38. ________(find) that she had forgotten to buy some tea. She rushed back to the supermarket, got the tea 39.________ went towards the cash-desk. As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket come up to her. “Madam”, he said, 40.________(hold) out his hand, “Congratulations! You are our lucky customer. Everything you have in your basket is free!”
(B)
What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old question and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”
46. The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean ___ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ________.
A. bright and splendid…slow in thinking and understanding B. pretty and handsome…ordinary-looking C. great and important…common D. hopeful and helpful…careless 47. According to the context we can guess that a genius is ___ while an idiot is ___. A. a normal person…a funny person B. a strong person…a weak person C. a highly intelligent person…a foolish or weak-minded person D. a famous person…an ordinary person
48. A person ________ is more likely to become a genius. A. whose parents are clever B. often thinking about difficult problem
C. often helped by his parents and teachers D. born with a good brain and putting it to active use 49. It is better for parents ________.
A. to praise and encourage their children more often B. to be hard on their children
C. to leave their children alone with nothing to do D. to give their children as much help as possible
50. Which of the following is not true according to the article? A. Parents play an important part in their children’s growth. B. The less you use your mind the duller you may become.
C. Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.
第三节 根据提示，完成下列句子，每空一词
76. All the people in the hall ________ ________ ________ (屏住了呼吸) and wondered what would happen next. 77. The article is too long and should ________ ________ ________ (削减) by half. 78. I _______ ________ _______ _______ (由于…向她道歉) stepping on her foot.
79. The old gentleman just stood there ________ ______ (怒视) the thief and didn’t say a word. 80. We had expected to meet him all day.
We had ________ ________ ________ meeting him all day.
81. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi.
In India there is a national festival on October 2 ______ ________ _____ Mohandas Gandhi. 82. He grew up in Shanghai in the care of his uncle.
He __________ __________ __________ by his uncle in Shanghai.
83. Obviously, the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
It ______ ______ _______ the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 84. 即使你没有成功，你也能够从你的经历中获益。
You will __________ __________ your experience even if you can’t succeed. 85. 这部电影使我想起了我上次去巴黎度假时，在那里看到的一切。
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The film ________ ______ ______ what I had seen in Paris when I was on holiday last time.
完形填空 16—30 DACBA DBCAD CBCBD 语法填空 31. what 32. a
33. of/about
34. Determined 35. up 39. and
40. holding
36. her 37. which/that 38. found
第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 46-50 ACDAC 第四部分 基础知识运用
76. held their breath 77. be cut down 79. glaring at 80. looked forward to 82. was bought up 83. was obvious that
78. apologized to her for 81. in memory/honour of 84. benefit from 85. reminded me of
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