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焊缝及其外观质量验收规范标准

2021-02-19 来源:尚车旅游网
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焊缝及外观质量验收规范

一.目的 Purpose

建立诺信达格公司焊接产品的焊缝和外观质量验收标准

The purpose of the procedure is to provide an inspection standard for welding – fusion-welded joints quality and cosmetic

二.范围 Scope

所有诺信达格的焊接产品的焊缝外观检验

The procedure is applicable for the welding cosmetic inspection of all Nordson Dage products.

三.定义和符合 Definitions and Symbols 1. 短缺陷 Short imperfections

如果焊缝长度有100mm或更长以及在100mm长度内包含的最大数量的缺陷累计长度低于25mm,那么这样的缺陷可认为是短缺陷。

In case when the welds is 100mm long or longer, imperfections are considered to be short imperfections if, in the 100mm which contains the greatest number of imperfections , their total length is less than 25mm

如果焊缝长度小于100mm,但是在总长范围内的缺陷累计长度小于焊缝长度的25%,那么这样的缺陷也可认为是短缺陷

In case when the weld is less than 100mm long, imperfections are considered to be short imperfections if their total length is less than 25% of the length of the weld

2. 符号 Symbols

a – 角焊缝的名义喉高

nominal throat thickness of the fillet weld b – 焊接熔化金属的宽度

width of weld reinforcement h – 缺陷尺寸(高度或宽度)

height or width of imperfection s – 对接焊缝的名义厚度

nominal butt weld thickness t – 壁厚或板厚

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wall or plate thickness z – 角焊缝的腿长

leg length of a fillet weld α- 焊趾的角度

angle of weld toe

四.参考文件 Normative References

ISO 5817:2007 Welding – Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys( beam welding excluded) – Quality levels for imperfections

ISO 6520:2007 Welding and allied processes – Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials – Part 1: Fusion welding

五.标准等级的选用 Inspection Quality Level Selection

下表对焊接的不同缺陷进行了分类和定义, B级为最高焊接要求的检验级别,C级为正常焊接要求的检验级别,D级为较低焊接要求检验级 Below table define the welding limits for imperfection for quality levels. Quality level B corresponds to the highest requirement on the finished weld. Quality level C corresponds to the normal requirement on the finished weld. Quality level D corresponds to the lower requirement on the finished weld.

假如没有特殊规定,除了焊缝表面不允许有焊渣异物掺杂和不允许有为完全融合和渗透以外,所有焊接产品的检验等级为C级,参见下面的表单 If no any specified except no slag inclusion and lack of fusion / penetration, the quality level C will be default selection. Detail definition referred to the table as below.

// 焊接缺陷名称 Imperfection Designation 裂纹 Cracks ISO6520-1 Reference 100 说明 Remarks 任何可见裂纹Any visual cracks 厚度 t 验收标准D mm Quality Level D >=0.5 不允许 Not Permitted 验收标准C Quality Level C 不允许 Not Permitted 验收标准B Quality Level B 不允许 Not Permitted 弧坑裂纹 Crater Crack 104 >=0.5 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 表面气孔 Surface Pores 2017 单个气孔的最大尺寸 Maximum dimension of a single pore for -- 对接焊缝 Butt welds -- 角焊缝 Fillet welds 单个气孔的最大尺寸 Maximum dimension of a single pore for 开口弧坑 Crater pipe 2025 -- 对接焊缝 Butt welds -- 角焊缝 Fillet welds 0.5 to 3 >3 0.5 to 3 d <=0.3 s d<= 0.3 a d <=0.3s, but max. 3mm d<= 0.3a, but max. 3mm h <=0.2t 不允许 Not Permitted d <=0.2s, but max. 3mm d<= 0.3a, but max. 3mm 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted >3 h <=0.2t, but max.2mm h <=0.1t, but max.1mm 不允许 Not Permitted 未熔合(未完全熔合) Lack

of fusion (incomplete fusion) - >=0.5 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted // 焊接缺陷名称 Imperfection Designation 根部未焊透 Incomplete ISO6520-1 Reference 说明 Remarks 只适用于单边对接焊缝 Only for single side butt welds 厚度 t 验收标准D mm Quality Level D >=0.5 短缺陷允许存在: Short imperfections h <=0.2t, but max.2mm 验收标准C Quality Level C 不允许 Not Permitted 验收标准B Quality Level B 不允许 Not Permitted 4021 连续咬边 Continuous undercut 间断咬边 Intermittent undercut 5011 5012 要求圆滑过渡 Smooth transition is required. 不能连续出现 This is not regarded as a systematic imperfection >3 0.5 to 3 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.2t h <=0.2 t, but max. 1mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t h <=0.1 t, but max. 0.5mm h <=0.05 t, but max. 0.5mm 不允许 Not Permitted 根凹 Shrinkage groove 5013 要求圆滑过渡 Smooth transition is required 0.5 to 3 h <=0.2mm+0.1 t 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t >3 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.2t but max. 2mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t but max.1mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.05t but max. 0.5mm >=0.5 h <=1mm+0.25b, but max. h <=1mm+0.15b, but max. h <=1mm+0.1b, but 10mm 7mm max. 5mm 不允许 Not Permitted 余高过高(对接焊缝) Excess weld metal(butt weld) 要求圆滑过渡Smooth transition is required

// 焊接缺陷名称 Imperfection Designation 焊缝凸度(角焊缝) Excessive (fillet welds) convexity ISO6520-1 参考号 ISO6520-1 Reference 503 说明 Remarks 厚度 t 验收标准D mm Quality Level D 验收标准C Quality Level C 验收标准B Quality Level B >=0.5 h <=1mm+0.25b, but max. h <=1mm+0.15b, but max. h <=1mm+0.1b, but 5mm 4mm max. 3mm 焊透过大 Excess penetration >3 h <=1mm+1.0b, but max. h <=1mm+0.6b, but max. h <=1mm+0.2b, but 5mm 4mm max. 3mm 504 0.5 to 3 h <=1mm+0.6b h <=1mm+0.3b h <=1mm+0.1b 焊缝过渡不良 Incorrect weld toe >=0.5 - Fillet welds (角焊) a1>=a, a2>=a a >=90° a >=110° a >=110° 505 - Butt welds(对接焊) >=0.5 a >=90° a >=100° a >=150°

// 焊接缺陷名称 Imperfection Designation 焊瘤 Overlap ISO6520-1 参考号 ISO6520-1 Reference 506 说明 Remarks 厚度 t 验收标准D mm Quality Level D 验收标准C Quality Level C 验收标准B Quality Level B >=0.5 h <=0.2b 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 未焊满 filled groove >3 509 0.5 to 3 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.25t 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.25t but max. 2mm 烧穿 Burn through 焊脚不对称(腿长不等) Excessive asymmetry of fillet weld (excessive leg length) unequal 512 当焊脚不等时 In case where an asymmetric fillet weld has not been prescribed >=0.5 510 - >=0.5 不允许 Not Permitted h <=2mm+0.2 a 不允许 Not Permitted h <=2mm+0.15 a 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t but max.1mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.05t but max. 0.5mm 不允许 Not Permitted h <=2mm+0.15 a 不允许 Not Permitted Sagging Incomplete 511

// 焊接缺陷名称 Imperfection Designation 根凹 Root concavity ISO6520-1 参考号 ISO6520-1 Reference 515 说明 Remarks 厚度 t 验收标准D mm Quality Level D 验收标准C Quality Level C 验收标准B Quality Level B 要求圆滑过渡 Smooth transition is required 0.5 to 3 h <=0.2mm+0.1 t 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t 不允许 Not Permitted >3 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.2t, but max.2mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.1t, but max.1mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.05t, but max. 0.5mm 根部气孔 Root porosity 516 焊缝金属凝固时,在焊缝根部形成的多孔性气孔(如根部缺少气体保护时) Spongy formation at the root of a weld due to bubbling of the weld metal at the moment of solidification (e.g. lack of gas backing) 接头不良 Poor Restart 517 >=0.5 允许:根据接头不良出现的位置 Permitted: The limit depends on the type of imperfection occurred due to restart 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted >=0.5 局部允许 Locally permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted

// 焊接缺陷名称 Imperfection Designation 角焊缝填充金属过薄 Insufficient thickness throat ISO6520-1 参考号 ISO6520-1 Reference 5213 说明 Remarks 厚度 t 验收标准D mm Quality Level D 验收标准C Quality Level C 验收标准B Quality Level B 不适用较大的熔深工艺 Not applicable to processes with proof of greater depth of penetration 0.5 to 3 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.2mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.2mm 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.3mm+0.1a, but max. 1mm 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted >3 短缺陷允许存在 Short imperfections: h <= 0.3mm+0.1a, but max. 2mm 角焊缝填充金属过厚 Excessive thickness throat 5214 角焊缝实际喉高过大 The actual throat thickness of the fillet weld is too large >=0.5 不限 Unlimited h <= 1mm+0.2a, but max. 4mm h <= 1mm+0.15a, but max. 1mm 电弧划伤 Stray Arc 601 - >=0.5 当不影响母材的性能时接受 Permitted, if the properties of the parent metal are not affected 飞溅 Spatter 602 - >=0.5 依材料的防腐蚀要求接受 Acceptance depends application ,e.g. material, corrosion protection 不允许 不允许 Not Permitted on Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted 不允许 Not Permitted

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